
Fittings are a type of pipe fittings. Their main functions are:
- connection of pipeline sections, including those with different diameters;
- organization of turns, branches, dead-end branches;
- connection of shut-off and control valves, devices and equipment, including capacitive.
Many types of fittings are due to the performance of various functions and different working conditions. They are classified as:
- according to the type of fastening, threaded and welded fittings are the most common. There are also compression fittings with a crimping ring and a special nut tightened with a mounting wrench; adhesive fittings connected with a liquid polymer ("cold welding"); press fittings, for the installation of which a special press is used; self-locking fittings, the design of which includes a clamping mechanism, and a special key is used for installation; fittings with capillary soldering, in which a thin copper or tin wire is placed under the thread, which melts when heated by a burner and provides a sealed connection;
- by design. The most common types are:
bends for creating pipeline turns;
junctions for connecting sections of different diameters;
tees and crosses for the organization of branches;
plugs for sealing pipeline sections;
"American" couplings with thread and cap nut, thanks to which quick installation/disassembly is carried out;
barrels for connecting sections with internal threads of the same diameter;
couplings of different designs;
through and transitional nipples;
bends for the junction of fixed sections with threads of the same diameter;
futorki - nuts with internal and external threads;
fittings for connecting flexible hoses of equipment and devices;
- according to the material of manufacture. Stainless steel fittings are the most common; brass, copper, plastic are also popular.